аЯрЁБс>ўџ (*ўџџџ'џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџьЅС7 №П" bjbjUU .7|7|" џџџџџџlЖЖЖЖЖЖЖЪєєєє ЪМ њ        ; = = = = = = $Ж ж€a Ж     a @ЖЖ  v @@@ FЖ Ж ; @ ; @v@Жу ЖЖ/  PЈх1?ФЪ*єfFћ / Œ 0М  ,VЌ”V/ @ЪЪЖЖЖЖйStress Exam Answer: Grade E a) Outline two ways in which the body responds to stress. (6 marks) One way in which the body responds to stress is the fight of flight response. This is where the heat-rate increases and adrenaline is pumped around the body. This enables the body to respond to a stressful situation. Another way in which the body reacts is that the autonomic nervous system is activated. This motivates the sympathetic part, which in turn puts the body in a drive state. b) (i) Outline one psychological method of stress management (e.g. in creasing hardiness, stress inoculation). (3marks) One way of stress management is stress inoculation training. This is where a person is given a little bit of stress so that they can handle it in later life. There are three phases; one is conceptualisation when you imagine it in your head. The second phase is skill acquisition and the third is putting it into practice. Give one strength of the method you have outlined in (i). (3 marks) One strength of this method is that it is very effective. Meichenbaum claims it has been successful. c) Outline and evaluate research (theories and/or studies) into the role played by personality as a source of stress. (18 marks) One theory into the role played by personality as a source of stress is the hardiness of that particular personality (Kobabsa). The more the personality can handle the stress and deal with it the less stress that person is going to feel. However, if a personality is less hardy, the more that person will feel stress. The outlook of a personality is a very important factor in stress management, you could have a pessimistic point of view in which you see problems as problems and not challenges. This type of personality tends to create its own problem making ‘mountains out of molehills’. If you have an optimistic point of view you tend to see problems as challenges, and as a result tend to have less stress. Kobasa did a study on business people and found that those who were most hardy tended have the least time off work with stress. One advantage of this study is that it was done in a real life setting and is ecologically valid. One problem with this study is that it was only done with business executives and therefore is not representative. It cannot be generalized to other people. (,W`a<=ъќџ\defЈЉЎБфэюU€†Ыжз " ёшншвшЯЪшншвшЪЪшншвшЪшншвшЪЪOJQJCJ6B*OJQJphџ5B*OJQJphџB*OJQJphџ5>*B*CJ OJQJphџab<=щъefЈЉфюяTUжз    њѕѕ№№ѕыѕомкѕвХѕУОООѕѕѕ$a$ $„G„Y^„G`„Ya$$ & Fa$ $„ „`њ^„ `„`њa$$a$$a$$a$$a$" § ! " њњњ$a$,1hА‚. 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