ࡱ> FHE7 bjbjUU .:7|7|lD D D D ` <%)0 K K K ((((((($U* u,v(K @K K K (y  c(y y y K j  (y K (y y }&( C?~D X'((0%)n'6,U $,(y Research Methods Exam Answer: Grade C Total marks for this question: 30 marks A Local Authority was concerned about the amount of under-age drinking in the area. As part of a long-term strategy to try and eliminate this activity they asked a group of Psychology students to help design a questionnaire to be used in a survey of local school children in the area. The following is an extract from the questionnaire. 4. Do you drink alcoholic drinks? yes/no  5. How many units of alcohol do you consume, on average, each week?  6. What age can you legally buy alcohol in a pub? 7. Why did you start consuming alcoholic drinks? ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... 8. For what reasons do you consume alcoholic drinks? ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... (a) Outline one advantage and one disadvantage of using a questionnaire. (2 marks + 2 marks) An advantage of using a questionnaire is that you can make sure that it is returned by waiting for the participant to fill it in while you are there. (2 marks) A disadvantage is that the respondent might not understand the questions so your data would be less valid. (2 marks) (b) Explain one reason why a pilot study should have been carried out in the context of this survey. (3 marks) A pilot study should be carried out so that you know the questions are clear and easy to answer and are not confusing. (2 marks) (c) (i) Identify one question in the extract above that would provide qualitative data. (1 mark) Question 7. (1 mark) (ii) With reference to the question chosen in part (i), explain why this question would produce qualitative data. (3 marks) Because there are no numbers to count as quantitative data. The respondent would talk about his reasons for consuming alcohol. (1 mark) (d) (i) Identify one sampling method that could have been used in this survey. (1 mark) Convenience. (1 mark) (ii) In the context of this survey, explain one reason for using the sampling method you have identified in (i) (2 marks) Because it would be easy to gain access to school children if you waited outside a school and asked the children to answer your questions. (1 mark) (e) (i) The questions in the extract from the questionnaire can be criticised. Select one question and give a criticism of it. (2 marks) Question 8 can be criticised because the respondent might not want to talk about the reasons why he drinks alcohol as it might be embarrassing. This is an ethical thing. (2 marks). (ii) Re-write the question you selected so that it overcomes the criticism you identified in (i). (2 marks) Do you drink because a. You like the taste b. Your friends drink c. To get drunk d. Other reasons (1 mark) (f) Describe two ways of making sure that this survey would be carried out in an ethically acceptable way. (3 marks + 3 marks) The respondents should be told they can withdraw their results from the final analysis if they dont want them included. (2 marks) The respondents should be anonymous. No names should appear on the response sheets. (1 mark) (g) Following the survey it was decided to conduct an observational study into under-age drinking. Outline procedures for carrying out such an observation. (6 marks) Decide who you are going to observe Decide where you are going to observe them e.g. pub, school, off licence. Decide what you are going to observe them drinking e.g. beer, lager, cider, alcopops, whisky, gin, vodka, brandy etc. Wear a disguise. 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